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Massively efficient filter for topology optimization based on the splitting of tensor product structure

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0710-6

摘要： In this work, we put forward a massively efficient filter for topology optimization (TO) utilizing the splitting of tensor product structure. With the aid of splitting technique, the traditional weight matrices of B-splines and non-uniform rational B-spline implicit filters are decomposed equivalently into two or three submatrices, by which the sensitivity analysis is reformulated for the nodal design variables without altering the optimization process. Afterwards, an explicit sensitivity filter, which is decomposed by the splitting pipeline as that applied to implicit filter, is established in terms of the tensor product of the axial distances between adjacent element centroids, and the corresponding sensitivity analysis is derived for elemental design variables. According to the numerical results, the average updating time for the design variables is accelerated by two-order-of-magnitude for the decomposed filter compared with the traditional filter. In addition, the memory burden and computing time of the weight matrix are decreased by six- and three-order-of-magnitude for the decomposed filter. Therefore, the proposed filter is massively improved by the splitting of tensor product structure and delivers a much more efficient way of solving TO problems in the frameworks of isogeometric analysis and finite element analysis.

关键词： topology optimization isogeometric analysis finite element analysis tensor product structure sensitivity analysis

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基于网络结构的布尔网络输出反馈镇定器设计 Research Articles

Jie ZHONG, Bo-wen LI, Yang LIU, Wei-hua GUI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第2期页码 247-259 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900229

摘要：在基因调控网络中，稳态结构可以用来表示细胞死亡或基因不受调控生长的进化行为。本文利用矩阵半张量积工具，分析与研究布尔网络输出反馈镇定器的设计。基于描述节点间耦合关系的网络结构信息，设计了输出反馈镇定器以实现全局稳定。与传统牵制控制器设计相比，输出反馈镇定器设计不再基于布尔网络的状态转移矩阵，可以有效确定牵制节点，降低计算复杂度。本文所提方法有效避免了计算2n×2n维的状态转移矩阵，这里n是布尔网络的节点数。最后，分别在一个信号转导网络和一个黑腹果蝇极性基因网络进行仿真模拟，证明该方法有效。结果表明，与传统布尔网络牵制控制相比，该方法更为简单、简洁。

关键词：布尔网络；输出反馈镇定器；网络结构；矩阵半张量积

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布尔控制网络的级联分解：一种图论方法 Research Articles

Yi-feng LI, Jian-dong ZHU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第2期页码 304-315 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900422

摘要：采用图论方法研究布尔控制网络的两类级联分解问题。提出嵌套完美等点划分（NPEVP）的概念。基于NPEVP，得到级联分解问题可解的充要图条件。给定提出的图条件，可构造性地得到实现相应级联分解形式的逻辑坐标变换。最后，给出两个实例以验证结论。

关键词：布尔控制网络；半张量积；级联分解；图条件

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多重受限时滞逻辑控制网络的输出跟踪 Research Articles

Ya-ting ZHENG, Jun-e FENG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第2期页码 316-323 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900376

摘要：本文深入研究具有状态和控制受限的时滞逻辑控制网络的输出跟踪问题。与其他类型时滞相比，状态依赖型时滞数值的更新依赖当前的状态值和一个伪逻辑函数。多重受限意味着状态的取值局限在一个给定的非空集合以及控制器的设计有条件限定。采用矩阵半张量积方法将动态方程转化为代数形式，进而构造一个等价扩维系统。基于该扩维系统，输出跟踪问题被转化为集合镇定问题。利用变换的状态转移矩阵，可得到该系统实现输出跟踪的充分必要条件，通过数学软件容易验证此条件。此外，设计了状态反馈控制器使时滞逻辑控制网络的输出能跟踪参考信号。最后，通过一个例子验证本文的理论结果。

关键词：逻辑控制网络；多重受限；输出跟踪；镇定；状态依赖型时滞；半张量积

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逻辑控制网络控制设计方法新进展 Review Articles

Xiang-shan KONG, Shu-ling WANG, Hai-tao LI, Fuad E. ALSAADI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第2期页码 220-233 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900397

摘要：控制设计是逻辑控制网络研究的一个基本问题。本文对逻辑控制网络控制设计方法的新进展进行综述。首先回顾矩阵半张量积和逻辑控制网络的一些基本结果。接着介绍逻辑控制网络研究中的控制设计方法新进展，包括能达集法、牵制控制法、控制李雅普诺夫函数法、事件触发法和采样控制法。最后通过一个示例说明这些方法的有效性。

关键词：逻辑控制网络；控制设计；矩阵半张量积

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状态和控制均具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控性 Research Article

李一峰1,王兰2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第6期页码 906-915 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200618

摘要：本文研究状态和控制均具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控性问题。首先，考虑控制具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控性问题。对于该问题，本文通过定义一个新的矩阵乘积构建系统的可控性矩阵，基于该矩阵，得到一个系统可控的充分必要条件。其次，研究状态具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控性问题，提出一个状态具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控的充分必要条件。然后，提出一个状态和控制均具有多时滞的布尔控制网络可控性矩阵，利用该矩阵，提供一个简洁的可控性条件。最后，给出2个例子说明得到的理论结果。

关键词：布尔控制网络；矩阵半张量积；能控性；时滞

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evaluation of renal function using diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in type 2

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 471-476 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0365-8

摘要：

This work aims to estimate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting early-stage kidney injury in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (NAU) versus microalbuminuria (MAU) prospectively. A total of 30 T2DM patients with normal kidney function were recruited and assigned to the NAU group (n = 14) or MAU group (n= 16) according to 8 h overnight urinary albuminuria excretion rate (AER) results. A contemporary cohort of health check-up recipients were included as controls (n = 12). DWI and DTI scans were performed on bilateral kidney using SE single-shot EPI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the renal parenchyma was determined from ADC and FA maps of the three groups. ADC and FA values were compared among the three groups. According to DWI with a b value of 400 s/mm², the MAU and NAU groups showed significantly lowered mean ADC values compared with the healthy controls (P<0.01). The mean ADC in the MAU group [(2.22±0.07)×10^–3 mm²/s] was slightly lower than that of the NAU group [(2.31±0.22)×10^–3 mm²/s], but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The FA value in the MAU group was higher than that in the control group (0.45±0.07 vs. 0.39±0.03, P = 0.004) but did not differ from that in the NAU group (0.42±0.03) (P>0.05). ADC and FA values may be more sensitive than urine AER in reflecting early-stage kidney injury and, hence, may facilitate earlier detection and quantitative evaluation of kidney injury in T2DM patients. Combined evaluation of ADC and FA values may provide a better quantitative approach for identifying diabetic nephropathy at early disease stages.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus microalbuminuria diffusion weighted imaging diffusion tensor imaging early-stage kidney injury

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Meshless numerical method based on tensor product

SUN Haitao, WANG Yuanhan, MIAO Yu

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 166-171 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0021-y

摘要： A normalized space constructed by tensor product is used in field function approach to give a special case of moving least squares (MLS) interpolation scheme. In the regular domain, the field function which meets homogenous boundary conditions is constructed by spanning base space to make the MLS interpolation scheme simpler and more efficient. Owing to expanded basis functions selection, some drawbacks in general MLS method, for example repeated inversion, low calculation efficiency, and complex criterions, can be avoided completely. Numerical examples illustrate that the proposed method is characterized by simple mathematical concept, convenient repeat calculations with high accuracy, good continuity, less computation and rapid convergence.

关键词： mathematical continuity inversion selection efficient

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PROPOSED INNOVATION REFORM MODEL FOR THE MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY IN CHINA TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 234-247 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022468

摘要：

● The carbon footprint of the nitrogen fertilizer chain has decreased significantly over the last decade.

关键词： carbon accounting life cycle assessment policy product structure

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一种基于矩阵的有限状态机静态分析方法 Research Article

邓鹤1,闫永义1,陈增强2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第8期页码 1239-1246 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100561

摘要：在有限状态机研究领域，传统矩阵法首先构造状态转移矩阵，然后利用状态转移矩阵的幂来表示系统动态转移过程。这一过程是有限状态机系统分析的基石。本文提出一种基于矩阵的静态方法。该方法从拓扑结构的视角审视有限状态机，而非传统动态转移过程的视角，因此能够避免现有方法中存在的“维度爆炸”问题。基于这种静态方法，本文重新分析确定有限状态机的闭环检测与可控性问题。此外，我们提出可控等价型与最小可控等价型概念，并给出相关算法。

关键词：逻辑系统；有限值系统；矩阵的半张量积；有限状态机；矩阵方法

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一种基于新型耦合映像格子系统和DNA运算的图像压缩加密方案 Research Article

李媛媛1,游晓庆2,卢剑权3,楼俊钢4,5

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第6期页码 813-827 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200645

摘要：本文提出一种基于混合线性-非线性耦合逻辑映像格子（NMLNCML）系统和DNA运算的有效图像加密方案。所提出的NMLNCML系统增强了系统的混沌特性，适用于图像加密。该加密系统具有大量的密钥空间；对密钥的敏感性高；对选择明文攻击、统计学攻击和差分攻击具有很强的抵抗能力；并且对一定程度的噪声和数据丢失有很好的鲁棒性。提出的图像密码系统采用置乱—压缩—扩散的架构。首先，通过离散小波变换将普通图像变换为稀疏系数矩阵，并对系数矩阵执行与明文相关的Arnold置乱。然后，采用半张量积（STP）压缩感知对系数矩阵进行压缩和加密。最后，通过DNA随机编码、DNA加法，和位XOR运算来扩散压缩系数矩阵。NMLNCML系统用于在压缩传感的STP测量矩阵和DNA操作中的伪随机序列中生成混沌元素。SHA-384函数用于产生明文密钥，从而使所提出的加密算法对原始图像高度敏感。仿真结果和性能分析验证了该方案的安全性和有效性。

关键词：压缩感知；耦合映像格子（CML）；DNA运算；半张量积

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基于张量因子分解框架的航班延误模式分析 Article

张明远, 陈莘文, 孙立君, 杜文博, 曹先彬

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第4期页码 465-472 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.024

摘要：

在空中交通管理和民航机场运营过程中，从过去的运营中获得的经验对于设计合理的策略至关重要。因此，本文使用大量时空飞行数据来识别相似的航空交通和延误模式，这对于更好地了解航空系统和制订管理决策至关重要。但是，由于数据集隐含了复杂的依赖关系以及高维时空之间的交互作用，因此挖掘数据中的重要特征和模式非常具有挑战性。本文提出了高维历史飞行数据的张量因子分解框架。我们通过潜在类别分析模型，并使用2014—2017年中国224个机场的空中交通运行数据证明了该框架的有效性。研究发现每个维度可以清晰地代表不同的运行模式。为了证明这些模式的有效性，我们创建了一个估计模型，该模型可实现对航班延误程度的初步判断。上述结果可以根据历史情景获得的经验，帮助机场运营商和空中交通管理人员更好地了解空中交通和延误模式。

关键词：空中交通管理航班延误潜在类别模型张量分解

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Altered white matter microarchitecture in Parkinson’s disease: a voxel-based meta-analysis of diffusion tensor

Xueling Suo, Du Lei, Wenbin Li, Lei Li, Jing Dai, Song Wang, Nannan Li, Lan Cheng, Rong Peng, Graham J Kemp, Qiyong Gong

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 125-138 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0725-5

摘要： This study aimed to define the most consistent white matter microarchitecture pattern in Parkinson’s disease (PD) reflected by fractional anisotropy (FA), addressing clinical profiles and methodology-related heterogeneity. Web-based publication databases were searched to conduct a meta-analysis of whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging studies comparing PD with healthy controls (HC) using the anisotropic effect size–signed differential mapping. A total of 808 patients with PD and 760 HC coming from 27 databases were finally included. Subgroup analyses were conducted considering heterogeneity with respect to medication status, disease stage, analysis methods, and the number of diffusion directions in acquisition. Compared with HC, patients with PD had decreased FA in the left middle cerebellar peduncle, corpus callosum (CC), left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Most of the main results remained unchanged in subgroup meta-analyses of medicated patients, early stage patients, voxel-based analysis, and acquisition with ＜30 diffusion directions. The subgroup meta-analysis of medication-free patients showed FA decrease in the right olfactory cortex. The cerebellum and CC, associated with typical motor impairment, showed the most consistent FA decreases in PD. Medication status, analysis approaches, and the number of diffusion directions have an important impact on the findings, needing careful evaluation in future meta-analyses.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy meta-analysis anisotropic effect size–signed differential mapping

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Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 516-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1658-7

摘要： The patient receives a pharmaceutical product, not a drug. The pharmaceutical products are formulated with a drug, an active ingredient to produce the maximum therapeutic effect after oral absorption. Therefore, it is the product we must optimize for the patients. In order to assure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, we need an predictive tool for oral product performance in patients. Currently, we are a surprisingly long way from accomplishing that objective. If the 20th century was the ‘age of the drug’, i.e., the ‘magic bullet’, the 21st century must become the ‘age of the guided missile’, i.e., the delivery system, including the form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) (‘drug’). The physical form of the drug and the delivery system must be optimized to maximize the therapeutic benefits of pharmaceutical products for humans. Oral immediate release (IR) dosage forms cannot be optimal for all drugs or likely even any drugs (APIs). Still, the formulation of pharmaceutical products has to be optimized for patients. But how do we optimize oral delivery of drugs? It is usually through ‘trial and error’, in humans! We need a better way to optimize the oral dosage forms. We have suggested to select different dissolution methodologies for this optimization based on BCS Subclasses. In this article, we present the predicted drug dissolution profile of ketoconazole as a model drug from our laboratory utilizing a gastrointestinal simulator (GIS), which is an adaptation of the ASD system. GIS consists of three chambers representing stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, to create the human gastrointestinal tract-like environment and enable the control the gastric emptying rate. This dissolution system allows the monitoring of the drug dissolution phenomena and the observation of the supersaturation and the precipitation of pharmaceutical products, which is useful information to predict dissolution of pharmaceutical products. This system can provide the actual input needed to accurately predict the input into the systemic circulation required by many of the absorption prediction packages available today.

关键词： GIS in vivo predictive dissolution ketoconazole BCS subclassification supersaturation

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Review of sentiment analysis: An emotional product development view

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 592-609 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0227-z

摘要： Conveying consumers’ specific emotions in new products, referred to as emotional product development or emotional design, is strategically crucial for manufacturers. Given that sentiment analysis (SA) can extract and analyze people’s opinions, sentiments, attitudes, and perceptions regarding different products/services, SA-based emotional design may provide manufacturers with real-time, direct, and rapid decision support. Despite its considerable advancements and numerous survey and review articles, SA is seldom considered in emotional design. This study is among the first efforts to conduct a thorough review of SA from the view of emotional design. The comprehensive review of aspect-level SA reveals the following: 1) All studies focus on extracting product features by mixing technical product features and consumers’ emotional perceptions. Consequently, such studies cannot capture the relationships between technical and emotional attributes and thus cannot convey specific emotions to the new products. 2) Most studies use the English language in SA, but other languages have recently received more interest in SA. Furthermore, after conceptualizing emotion as Kansei and introducing emotional product development and Kansei Engineering, a review of the data-driven emotional design is then conducted. A few efforts start to study emotional design with the help of SA. However, these studies only focus on either analyzing consumers’ preferences on product features or extracting emotional opinions from online reviews, thus cannot realize data-driven emotional product development. Finally, some research opportunities are provided. This study opens a broad door to aspect-level SA and its integration with emotional product development.

关键词： sentiment analysis emotion product development Kansei Engineering